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| n1 | Number of respondents selecting Group 1 |
| n2 | Number of respondents selecting Group 2 |
| nnp | Number of respondents selecting no preference |
If the option to split the number of respondents selecting no preference is chosen:

If the option to discard the number of respondents selecting no preference is chosen:

If the option to split the number of respondents selecting no preference is chosen, then n = n1 + n2 + nnp. If the option to discard the number of respondents selecting no preference is chosen, then n = n1 + n2. The z value can then be calculated as:

The critical value, cv, is determined based on a table of z values, which determines the critical value based on the selected level of confidence. If the absolute value of z is greater than the critical value, then the result is significant.